Science Diplomacy as a Tool of Global Influence
As science, technology, and innovation increasingly shape international relations, science diplomacy is becoming an important tool of global influence. Alexis Roig, researcher at the United Nations University (UNU), professor at Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) and CEO of SciTech DiploHub in Barcelona, stated that knowledge has become a tool of influence and power.
Dimensions of Science Diplomacy
Science diplomacy refers to the use of science and scientific knowledge in international relations. One dimension is "diplomacy for science," which involves traditional diplomatic relations between countries facilitating scientific cooperation and exchange. Another dimension, described by Roig as "science for diplomacy," utilizes scientific findings to inform policy decisions.
The Importance of Trust in Facts
Trust in facts and institutions that support fact-based worldviews is crucial for the health and progress of democratic societies. The erosion of this trust can undermine informed debate and contribute to a slide away from democracy, according to Roig. This problem is exacerbated by the rapid spread of misinformation online.
Serbia's Strategic Focus on Science
Scientific knowledge, technological innovation, and trust in facts are becoming strategic assets in an increasingly fragmented world. Serbia is actively developing its economy around science and innovation with increased investments in research and development. The country aims to foster sustainable growth by strengthening the connection between science and the economy.
Serbia seeks to create an environment conducive to innovation and the employment of young educated staff. To this end, it has established science and technology parks and is working to attract investment to promote innovation and innovative entrepreneurship. Serbia is positioning itself as a regional hub for IT investment, citing a growing talent pool and competitive corporate taxation.
Artificial Intelligence Development
Serbia has implemented strategies for AI development, including educational programs and support for AI research and application, aiming to transform into a leading AI economy. The adoption of a new law on digital assets in December 2020 recognizes virtual currency and digital tokens, supporting emerging opportunities in blockchain and financing for Serbian startups.
Science Diplomacy and Global Challenges
Science diplomacy is recognized as an important tool for fostering international cooperation, peace, and collective well-being. This approach is particularly relevant when addressing global challenges like climate change. However, geopolitical tensions and conflicts can threaten scientific collaboration through protectionism and restrictions on open science.
The European Union's Perspective
The European Union views science diplomacy as a means to leverage its power and partnerships, project soft power, and pursue economic interests and fundamental values. The EU aims to strengthen its position as a leading global science and technology actor through open and secure international scientific cooperation while safeguarding its democratic values and strategic interests.